| 摘要: |
| [目的]为客观评估 2022—2023 年极端干旱背景下气象条件对贵州油菜生产的影响。[方法]应用气候适宜度、气象灾害指数等, 对极端干旱进行评估, 对油菜农业气候条件进行利弊影响分析。[结果]2022—2023 年油菜生长期内, 全省大部温高充足, 降水偏少, 气候适宜度差, 中部以北以东地区发生秋冬连旱, 西南部发生冬春连旱, 油菜播种移栽, 幼苗生长, 现苗植被均受到较大影响。[结论]2023 年油菜生长期气象条件大于 1 年, 干旱是影响贵州省 2023 年油菜生产减产的主要因素; 由于干旱发生在营养生长期, 减产幅度小于 2010 年。 |
| 关键词: 油菜；干旱；气候适宜度；气象条件 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-06修订日期：2024-11-05 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Evaluation of Meteorological Conditions During the Growing Period of Rapes in Guizhou Province in 2023 |
| yangshiqiong,ZUO Jin,LIU Yupeng,GU Shuhong,TAN Wen |
| (Guizhou Ecological and Agricultural Meteorological Center) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to objectively evaluate the impact of meteorological conditions on rapeseed production in Guizhou under the background of extreme drought in 2022—2023. This paper evaluates extreme drought using climate suitability and meteorological disaster index, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of agricultural climate conditions for the growth of rapes. The results show that during the growing period of rapes from 2022 to 2023, most parts of the province experienced high temperature and sufficient sunshine, with less precipitation and poor climate suitability. The continuous droughts in autumn and winter occurred in the areas north and east of the central region. Moreover, continuous droughts in winter and spring occurred in the southwestern region. So, the sowing and transplanting of rapeseed, and the seedling growth, budding and bolting of rapes were greatly affected. In summary, the meteorological conditions during the growth period of rapes in 2023 had more disadvantages than advantages. Drought was the major factor resulting in the yield reduction of rapeseed in Guizhou Province in 2023. However, the yield reduction was smaller than in 2010 because the drought mainly occurred during the nutritional growth period of rapes. |
| Key words: rapes; drought; climate suitability; meteorological conditions |
