| 摘要: |
| 本文基于房山区46个自动站数据、灾情数据、探空资料及北京观象台S波段雷达资料，筛选了房山区近十年（2012-2021年）冰雹、短时强降水、雷雨大风的332个强对流天气个例，分析归纳了房山区强对流天气的天气形势、年际、月际、旬变化特征以及强对流灾害性天气种类、强对流天气的时间、空间和移动路径等分布特征。研究结果表明：（1）近十年强对流天气呈波动的趋势；（2）强对流天气以短时强降水为主，出现频次最高；（3）强对流天气的高空分型主要分为5类，其中西来槽型、蒙古低涡低槽型、东北冷涡型出现频次高；（4）强对流天气多发生于午后至前半夜。（5）强对流天气易发生于山区，尤其是沿山一带及海拔较高的地方；（6）影响房山地区的强对流天气路径主要为西北路、西南路、偏西路径。 |
| 关键词: 强对流; 天气形势; 时空特征; 移动路径 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-11修订日期：2024-04-01 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Analysis of Climatic Characteristics of Severe Convective Weather in Fangshan District during Period of Recent 10 Years |
| majunling,hena,quwei,heyi,songge,zhanghao,xubing |
| (Beijing Fangshan Meteorological Bureau;Beijing Weather Forecast Center) |
| Abstract: |
| By utilizing data from 46 automated weather stations, disaster datasets, and detection products of T-lnp and S-band Radar, a total of 332 severe convective weather samples containing short-term heavy rain, thunderstorms, and hail are selected from the period between 2012 to 2021 in Fangshan District. The distribution characteristics of severe convective weather in Fangshan District, including the weather situation, inter-annual and inter-monthly variability, ten-day variation, types of severe convective weather events, timing and spatial patterns as well as their moving paths has been analyzed and summarized. The results shows that: (1) The incidence of severe convective weather has exhibited a fluctuating trend over the past decade; (2) Severe convective weather is primarily characterized by short-term heavy rainfall, which occurs with the highest frequency; (3) The classification of severe convective weather can be divided into five main categories from upper air, with the west wind trough type, Mongolian low vortex low trough type, and northeast cold vortex type having a higher frequency of occurrence; (4) Severe convective weather often occurs during the late afternoon and early evening hours; (5) Severe convective weather is more likely to occur in mountainous regions, particularly along the slopes and at higher elevations; (6) The predominant convective weather paths affecting the Fangshan region originate from the Northwest, Southwest, and Westward directions. |
| Key words: Severe convection; Weather situation; Temporal and spatial characteristics; Moving path |
