| 摘要: |
| 利用风廓线雷达基本和反演参量及常规气象资料，对2023年3月16日贵州中部大范围混合性强对流天气进行分析，重点探讨风廓线雷达对强对流的探测能力及临近预警指标。结果表明：（1）此次过程是在高空槽、低层切变线、低空急流及有利的环境条件共同作用下，由地面辐合线和冷锋先后触发形成的。风廓线雷达水平风场能探测槽线、切变线及地面冷空气的准确过境时间及低空急流的变化，较常规地面和高空资料优势明显。（2）风廓线雷达反演的温度平流、垂直风切变产品可以反映降雹区周边环境的层结不稳定和低层较强垂直风切变特征以及强降水发生时强冷平流入侵和整层深厚强垂直风切变特征，低空急流指数跃增后消失指示了短时强降水的发生。（3）垂直速度≥ 4 m?s-1、谱宽≥1 m?s-1、大气折射率结构常数Cn2 ≥ -130 dB，信噪比SNR≥ 50 dB可作为划分有无降水的界限，且垂直速度和谱宽的伸展高度有助于区分对流性和稳定性降水阶段。 |
| 关键词: 风廓线雷达;温度平流;垂直风切变;低空急流指数;垂直速度 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-10修订日期：2024-03-25 |
| 基金项目:珠江流域（华南区域）气象科研开放基金项目（ZJLY202305）；贵州省山地气候与资源重点实验室省市联合基金（QHLSSLJ[2022]-05） |
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| Analysis of a Severe Convective Weather in Central Guizhou Based onWind Profiler Radar |
| LUO Jing,YANG Fan,XIE Qingxia,ZHOU Mingfei |
| (Guizhou Meteorological Observatory) |
| Abstract: |
| Based on the basic and inversion parameters of wind profiler radar and conventional meteorological data, the mixed severe convective weather in central Guizhou on March 16, 2023 was analyzed, with a focus on the detection capability of wind profiler radar on severe convection and the approaching warning index. The results showed that: (1) This process was triggered by the surface convergence line and the cold front under the joint action of upper trough, low-level shear line, low-level jet stream and favorable environmental conditions. The horizontal wind field of wind profiler radar can detect the accurate transit time of trough line, shear line and surface cold air, as well as changes of low-level jet streams, which has obvious advantages over conventional surface and high-altitude data. (2) The temperature advection and vertical wind shear products inversed by wind profile radar can reflect the stratification instability and strong vertical wind shear characteristics in the surrounding environment of hail area, as well as the strong cold advection intrusion and deep and strong vertical wind shear characteristics in the whole layer during heavy precipitation. The disappearance of low-level jet index after a sudden increase indicates the occurrence of short-term heavy precipitation; (3) Vertical velocity ≥ 4 m?s-1, spectral width ≥ 1 m?s-1, refractive index structure constant(Cn2) ≥ -130 dB, and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) ≥ 50 dB can be used as the boundaries to distinguish whether there is precipitation or not, and vertical velocity and spectral width are helpful to distinguish between convective and stable precipitation stages. |
| Key words: Wind profile radar; Temperature advection; Vertical wind shear; Low-level jet index; Vertical velocity |
