| 摘要: |
| 为研究云南省怒江州“桃花汛”降水的气候变化背景，利用2011-2020年1-5月怒江州4个国家气象站和25个乡镇气象站逐小时雨量数据，通过常规数理统计，详细分析了怒江州“桃花汛”小时降水的时空分布特征。结果表明：怒江州“桃花汛”降水主要出现在贡山县和福贡县，泸水市西部和兰坪县西北部也有此天气现象，“桃花汛”雨量约占全年雨量的30％-60％。“桃花汛”降水量、降水时长、平均小时雨强、夜雨量等特征空间分布差异显著，均为北多（强）南少（弱）、西多（强）东少（弱）。“桃花汛”累计降水量受降水时长和小时雨强共同影响，其中贡山、福贡受降水时长影响最强，雨强主要影响福贡和泸水的局部。“桃花汛”降水日变化主要表现为单峰单谷特征，峰值在下半夜，谷值在上午后期，夜雨占比为55％。“桃花汛”短、中、长和超长历时降水也呈北多南少、西多东少态势。泸水、兰坪以短历时、中历时和长历时降水贡献为主，而贡山、福贡的超长历时降水贡献最大。“桃花汛”以稳定的系统性降水为主，短时强降水发生率低。 |
| 关键词: 怒江州;桃花汛;小时降水;时空特征 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-09修订日期：2024-01-10 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(42075013) |
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| Study on the Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Hourly Precipitation in Nujiang Prefecture |
| YUAN Liping,WANG Jing,QIU Fabin,YANG Chaomei,YAN Yu |
| (Meteorological Bureau of Nujiang Prefecture;Weishan Meteorological Bureau of Yunnan Province;Longli Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to study the climate change background of peach blossom flood precipitation in Nujiang Prefecture, Yunnan Province, the hourly rainfall data from four national meteorological stations and 25 township meteorological stations in Nujiang Prefecture from January to May, 2011 to 2020 were analyzed in detail by conventional mathematical statistics. The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of hourly precipitation in Nujiang Prefecture are analyzed in detail by conventional mathematical statistics. The results show that: Precipitation during the peach blossom flood in Nujiang Prefecture occurs mainly in Gongshan and Fugong, but also in the western part of Lushui and the northwestern part of Lanping . The rainfall during the peach blossom flood accounts for about 30%-60% of the annual rainfall.The spatial distribution of precipitation, precipitation duration, average hourly rainfall intensity, night rainfall and other characteristics of the peach blossom flood varied significantly, all of which were more (stronger) in the north, less (weaker) in the south, more (stronger) in the west and less (weaker) in the east.The cumulative precipitation of peach blossom flood is jointly affected by the length of precipitation and hourly rainfall intensity, of which Gongshan and Fugong are most strongly affected by the length of precipitation, and the rainfall intensity mainly affects the localized areas of Fugong and Lushui.The daily variability of peach blossom flood precipitation is mainly characterized by single peaks and valleys, with peaks occurring in the second half of the night and valleys in the late morning, with 55% of the rain occurring at night.The peach blossom floods also showed more precipitation in the north, less in the south, and more in the west and less in the east for short, medium, long, and extra-long calendars.Lushui and Lanping are dominated by short-, medium- and long-calendar precipitation contributions, while Gonshan and Fugong have the largest ultra-long-calendar precipitation contributions.Peach blossom floods are dominated by steady, systematic precipitation with a low incidence of short periods of heavy precipitation. |
| Key words: Nujiang Prefecture; Peach Blossom Flood; Hourly precipitation; Spatiotemporal characteristics |
