| 摘要: |
| 【目的】常规气象观测站受管理、土地归属等的限制，在选址时，部分两要素站点（气温、雨量）难以获得理想的探测环境，不同安装环境对气温监测值存在一定影响。【方法】本文选取水城区山地丘陵与靠近大型水体的两个乡镇、下垫面分别为地面草地与楼面水泥板的4个常规气象观测站的小时、日、月、最高、最低气温、日较差气温数据，通过统计、对比分析，【结果】山地丘陵环境下，地面草地下垫面较楼顶水泥板下垫面升温持久，日最高气温全年多数时间表现为地面草地下垫面比楼顶水泥板下垫面的高，两种下垫面的监测值差异在冬季的白天更明显；靠近大型水体环境下，夏、秋季的地面草地下垫面较楼顶水泥板下垫面呈现较高的气温峰值，受大型水体影响，玉舍水库站的升温速度和降温速度均较缓慢。两个站点的日最高气温和日最低气温在1、6、9、10月出现了较大差值。两种环境下，同一下垫面的月最高气温和月最低气温差值集中在6、8、9、10、11月变化幅度最大；温度在冷热季节更替时，温度监测值差异达到最大，夏、秋季高温连续时段，丘陵山地与靠近大型水体同一下垫面安装环境差异最小。【结论】常规气象观测站在选址建设时，应能代表周边一定范围内的气象状况，建设在平整的下垫面上，同时，需定期做好锄草剪草等维护工作，能更好的保障监测值的准确性、代表性、比较性和连续性。 |
| 关键词: 气象观测站；环境；气温；监测对比 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-02修订日期：2024-08-21 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Comparison of temperature Variation based on installation environment of regional meteorological observation station |
| chenyun,Zhang Husheng,Luo Tongjun,Geng Kesi,Wang Shichao |
| (Meteorological Bureau in shuicheng;Guizhou Meteorological Data Center) |
| Abstract: |
| Due to the limitation of management and land ownership of conventional meteorological observation stations, it is difficult for some stations with two factors (temperature and rainfall) to obtain ideal detection environment, different installation environment has certain influence on temperature monitoring value.In this paper, the hourly, daily, monthly, maximum, minimum and diurnal temperature data of four conventional meteorological observation stations,in the mountainous and hilly area of Shuicheng city and the two towns near the large-scale water body are selected, through statistics and comparative analysis.In the mountainous and hilly environment, the ground surface of the grass is warmer than the floor of the concrete slab for a long time. The daily maximum temperature is higher than the floor of the concrete slab for most of the year, the difference between the monitoring values of the two underlying surfaces was more obvious in the daytime in winter, and the ground grassland underlying surface in summer and autumn had higher air temperature peak than that of the cement slab underlying surface near the roof under the large-scale water environment, due to the influence of large-scale water body, the temperature rising speed and cooling speed of yushe reservoir station are slow. The difference between the daily maximum temperature and the daily minimum temperature of the two stations appeared in January, June, September and October. Under the two conditions, the difference between the monthly maximum temperature and the monthly minimum temperature on the same underlying surface is concentrated in June, August, September, October and November, and the difference between the monitored temperature and the monthly minimum temperature is the largest when the cold and hot seasons change, in summer and autumn, the difference of installation environment between hilly land and the same underlying surface near large-scale water body is the smallest.When selecting a site for the construction of a conventional meteorological observation station, it should be able to represent the meteorological conditions in a certain area and be built on a flat underlying surface. At the same time, maintenance work such as weeding and cutting grass should be done regularly, it can better guarantee the accuracy, representativeness, comparability and continuity of monitoring values. |
| Key words: Meteorological Observation Station; environment; temperature; monitoring contrast |
