| 摘要: |
| 利用1984-2023年4-9月安顺市6个国家气象站的逐日降水资料、NCEP/NCAR第二套再分析资料。运用合成分析、统计分析、Mann-Kendall非参数统计检验及Morlet小波分析等方法，对安顺市汛期降水的气候特征进行分析。结果表明：安顺市汛期降水呈现明显的年代际变化特征，具有6~8a长周期和准2a的短周期变化特征，其多年平均汛期总降水量呈现“西多东少”的特征，降水量高值中心位于镇宁县，低值中心位于平坝区，降水异常偏多年的总降水量空间分布特征与多年平均基本一致，降水异常偏少年的总降水量的高值中心转移到普定县，低值中心转移到西秀区，呈现“西北多，东北少”的特征。安顺市汛期国家气象站的降水量级以小雨为主，其占比达70.26%，暴雨及以上量级的降水占比仅为3.92%。降水异常偏多年500hPa位势高度距平场上乌拉尔山附近为负距平中心，西伯利亚地区为正距平，亚洲中高纬地区主要表现为“+、-、+”的南北结构特征，中国大部分地区为负距平，西太平洋副热带高压西伸脊点位于135°E左右，且位于正距平区，汛期降水异常偏少年的500hPa位势高度距平场与异常偏多年基本相反，且西太平洋副热带高压较弱，西脊点位于142°E以东，位于负距平区。 |
| 关键词: 汛期降水、Morlet小波分析、Mann-Kendall非参数统计检验 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-18修订日期：2024-07-15 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Climate characteristics of precipitation in Anshun city during the Rainy Season in the Recent 40 Years |
| fangpeng,Zeng Ni,Fang Yijin,Hu Qiuhong,Wang Ranxi,Liu Siyang |
| (Anshun Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province) |
| Abstract: |
| Using daily precipitation data from six national meteorological stations in Anshun City from April to September 1984 to 2023, as well as the second set of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. Using methods such as synthetic analysis, statistical analysis, Mann Kendall non parametric statistical test, and Morlet wavelet analysis, this study analyzes the climatic characteristics of precipitation during the flood season in Anshun City. The results show that the precipitation during the flood season in Anshun City exhibits obvious interdecadal variation characteristics, with a long period of 6-8 years and a short period of quasi 2 years. The average total precipitation during the flood season shows a characteristic of "more in the west and less in the east". The high value center of precipitation is located in Zhenning County, and the low value center is located in Pingba District. The spatial distribution characteristics of total precipitation with abnormal precipitation over the years are basically consistent with the distribution characteristics of the average total precipitation over the years, The high center of the total precipitation with abnormally young precipitation shifted to Puding County, while the low center shifted to Xixiu District, showing a characteristic of "more in the northwest and less in the northeast". The precipitation of six national meteorological stations in Anshun City in flood season is dominated by light rain, accounting for 70.26%, while the precipitation of rainstorm and above only accounts for 3.92%. In years with abnormally high precipitation, the 500hPa geopotential height anomaly field shows a negative anomaly center near the Ural Mountains, a positive anomaly in Siberia, and a north-south symmetric structure of "positive negative positive" in mid to high latitudes in Asia. Most parts of China have a negative anomaly, and the western extension of the subtropical high pressure in the Western Pacific is located at around 135 °E and in the positive anomaly zone. However, during the flood season, precipitation anomalies tend to be more severe, The 500hPa geopotential height anomaly field is basically opposite to the 500hPa geopotential height anomaly field in years with excessive precipitation anomalies, and the western Pacific subtropical high pressure is weak. Its western ridge point is located east of 142 °E and in the negative anomaly zone. |
| Key words: Flood season precipitation、morlet wavelet analysis、Mann Kendall non parametric statistical test |
