| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为分析威宁大风时空分布特征，给实际业务提供参考。【方法】本文利用1964—2022年贵州威宁国家基准气候站和2018—2022年全县区域自动站地面气象资料，采用气候倾向率、小波分析、累积距平和信噪比等方法，分析了威宁县大风的气候特征和变化趋势，【结果】威宁县的年大风日数和年极大风速呈波动减少趋势，每10 a分别减少4.94 d和1.75 m·s-1，且分别存在11ａ和15 a的周期变化特征，风向以N风为主，NNE风次之；威宁大风主要出现在1—4月，3月年平均发生14.4 d为最多，4—10月以单站雷暴大风为主；主要存在西北—东南走向的3个大风多发区其中心分别位于中水（187 d）、雪山（160 d）、双龙—草海（125 d）。【结论】该研究为深入了解威宁大风的时空分布特征作了有益探索，对威宁大风灾害天气的预报及气象服务工作具有一定的指导意义。 |
| 关键词: 威宁；大风；气候倾向率；小波分析 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2024-02-28修订日期：2024-08-05 |
| 基金项目:贵州省气象局登记式项目（黔气科登[2024]04-12号）《威宁大风天气的时空分布特征分析》，毕节市科学技术项目（毕科合〔2023〕8号）《X波段双偏振雷达在冰雹监测预警中的研究》，《基于雹胚观测试验的冰雹早期识别诊断及在人工防雹中的应用研究》(黔科合支撑[2023]一般 194) |
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| Analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of strong winds in Weining County over the past 59 years |
| caitong,Cai Jun,Yang Chengmei,Ke Liping,Zhang Xiaoxiu,Luo Xiong |
| (Weining Meteorological Bureau;Bijie Meteorological Bureau;Guizhou Provincial Meteorological Observatory) |
| Abstract: |
| Using the ground meteorological data from the national benchmark climate station in Weining, Guizhou, from 1964 to 2022 and the regional automatic station in the whole county from 2018 to 2022, the climate characteristics and variation trends of gale in Weining County were analyzed using methods such as climate tendency rate, wavelet analysis, cumulative anomaly, and signal-to-noise ratio. The results show that the annual number of gale days and extreme wind speed in Wenning County show a fluctuating trend of decreasing, with a decrease of 4.94 d and 1.75 m·s-1 per decade, respectively, and characterized by a cycle of 11a and 15a, respectively. Wind direction is dominated by N winds, followed by NNE winds; gales mainly occur in January-April in Weining, with an annual average of 14.4 d occurring the most in March, and single-station thunderstorms and gales dominating in April-October; there are three gale-prone zones with a NW-SE direction, with centers located in Zhongshui (187 d), Xueshan (160 d), and Shuanglong-Caohai (125 d), respectively. This study has made a useful exploration for the in-depth understanding of the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of gales in Weining, and has certain guiding significance for the forecasting of gale disaster weather and meteorological services in Weining. |
| Key words: Weining; Gale; Climate tendency rate; Wavelet analysis |
