| 摘要: |
| 利用1981-2017年10月至次年4月贵州省共84个自动站雨凇观测资料，采用线性趋势分析、统计分析等方法研究贵州省冻雨气候特征，并结合2018年1月底的一次冻雨天气过程对冻雨的发生、发展和形成机制进行研究，结果表明：贵州省冻雨天气月变化趋势呈抛物线分布，1月冻雨发生频率最高，各地冻雨总体呈现中西部出现时间早，结束时间晚，东、南部出现时间晚，结束时间早的现象；贵州省的中部一线为冻雨的高发中心，冻雨持续时间长；而东北部及南部冻雨出现频率较低。2018年1月底的一次冻雨天气过程长时间维持主要是由于阻塞高压、横槽转竖、东亚极涡共同影响，强冷空气多次补充及准静止锋西推导致。 |
| 关键词: 冻雨；气候特征；形成机制；贵州省 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2019-12-25修订日期：2020-07-01 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
|
| Analysis of freezing climate characteristics in recent 36 years and a freezing event in Guizhou Province |
| Zhou Shu |
| (Meteorological Bureau of Bijie) |
| Abstract: |
| Based on the glaze observation data of 84 stations in Guizhou Province from October 1981 to April 2017, the freezing climate characteristics of Guizhou Province were analyzed, and also analyzed the occurrence, development and formation mechanism of a freezing event at the end of January 2018. The results shows that the monthly trend of freezing weather in Guizhou shows a parabolic distribution, with the highest frequency of freezing weather in January. In general,the emergence of the Midwest is early and the end is late, East and South appear late and end early,the central of the province is a high-incidence area,freezing rain lasts long,the freezing weather appears less frequently in the northeast and southern. At the end of January 2018, a long period of freezing rain weather was mainly due to the combined effects of Ural blocking high, the meridianal revising of the zonal trough and the East Asian Polar Vortex，the influence of strong cold air processes and westward movement of the stationary front. |
| Key words: glaze,climatic characteristics,formation mechanism,Guizhou Province |
