| 摘要: |
| 选取1977～2016年国家气象信息中心提供的贵州82站逐日降水资料，利用合成分析、显著性检验、小波分析、带通滤波等方法，分析了近40年贵州5～8月（简称主汛期，下同）降水的时空分布特征，以及典型涝年、典型旱年的低频降水特征。结果表明：贵州主汛期降水呈现明显的年代际变化特征，其多年平均总降水量呈现南多北少的趋势，总降水量大值区主要集中在贵州的西南部地区（六盘水市、安顺市中西部和黔西南州西部）。典型涝年和典型旱年的平均主汛期总降水量以西南部最为明显，且各自主汛期降水的低频振荡周期差别不明显；10～20 d是贵州主汛期降水普遍存在的显著低频周期，典型涝年存在30～40 d低频周期，典型旱年存在较弱的35～45 d低频周期，低频降水主要发生在6月和7月。 |
| 关键词: 贵州主汛期；典型涝年；典型旱年；低频降水；Morlet小波 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2018-01-01修订日期：2018-08-14 |
| 基金项目:西南区域持续性干旱特征及其成因分析（CCSF201708），贵州省气象局青年科技基金项目（黔气科合QN[2017]09） |
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| Spatial and temporal variation of precipitation in the main rainfall season and low-frequency characteristics analysis of abnormal years in Guizhou in recent 40 years |
| KONG Dexuan,YANG Chunyan,YAN Rui,CHI Zaixiang,ZHAO Kun |
| (Meteorological Bureau of Liu Panshui) |
| Abstract: |
| Thanking the National Meteorological Information Center for providing 82-stations’ daily precipitation data, utilizing the methods of synthetic analysis, significance test, the wavelet analysis, band-pass filtering and so on, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of precipitation of 5-8 months (short for the main rainfall season) in Guizhou in recent 40 years and low-frequency precipitation characteristics of typical food years and typical drought years are analyzed. The results show that: The precipitation of main rainfall season in Guizhou presents obvious interdecadal variation characteristics, which the average total precipitation shows a trend from south to the north. The total precipitation is mainly concentrated in southwest Guizhou (Liu Panshui, midwest of Anshun and midwest of southwest Guizhou state). The average total precipitation of main rainfall season in the typical flood years and in the typical drought years are the most significant in southwest Guizhou. Besides, the difference of low frequency oscillation period of precipitation in each main rainfall season is not obvious. 10 ~ 20 d is the significant low-frequency period of precipitation of the main rainfall season in Guizhou. There is also 30~40d low frequency in typical flood years, and low-frequency cycle of the typical drought years has weak 35 ~ 45 d. Low frequency precipitation mainly happen in June and July. |
| Key words: main rainfall season in Guizhou; typical flood years; typical drought years; low frequency precipitation; Morlet wavelet analysis |
