| 摘要: |
| 【目的】针对2018年黄海北部海域在春、夏季节海雾天气频发多发，进一步分析黄海北部春、夏季海雾生消特征。【方法】利用卫星数据、常规地面观测资料和FNL逐6h资料，运用天气学方法，对2018年春、夏季黄海北部2次长时间海雾生消特征及海气层结特征进行分析。【结果】黄海北部春、夏季2次海雾均为平流冷却雾，并且夏季海雾过程持续时间明显长于春季。黄海北部春季海雾的持续时间与冷、暖平流交替及地面冷高压的移动有关，夏季海雾的维持与中低纬度热带气旋的活动向黄海北部输送水汽及稳定的环流形势关系密切。春季海雾个例大气底层逆温层明显，夏季海雾个例大气底层逆温不明显。春、夏季海雾个例在气海温差、风速大小上差异不大。在消散方式上，春季海雾受冷平流及冷高压前偏北风影响逐步消散；夏季海雾主要是稳定的副高控制流场遭到北上低涡系统破坏而逐步消散。【结论】黄海北部海域春季海雾生消与黄海北部弱暖平流和地面冷高压移动有关；夏季海雾与副高的位置及低纬度低值系统活动有关，且夏季海雾持续时间更长；逆温层适用于春季海雾。该研究成果可为更好地开展黄海北部海雾天气预报及气象预报提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 黄海北部；春夏季海雾；生消分析 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-29修订日期：2024-08-08 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Differences and Similarities in the Generation and Dissipation of Sea Fog in the Northern Yellow Sea in Spring and Summer 2018 |
| lianfan,WAN Chao,SUN Qianqian |
| (Weihai Meteorological Office of Shandong Province) |
| Abstract: |
| This paper aims to analyze the characteristics of sea fog generation and dissipation in the northern Yellow Sea during spring and summer under the background of the frequent occurrence of sea fog. Based on the satellite data, conventional ground observation data and 6h FNL data, the characteristics of the generation and dissipation of two long-duration sea fog events in the northern Yellow Sea during the spring and summer of 2018 and the characteristics of sea-air stratification are analyzed by synoptic meteorology methods. The results are as follows, the 2018 spring and summer sea fog events in the northern Yellow Sea both were cooling advection fog, and the duration of summer sea fog was significantly longer than that of spring. The duration of spring sea fog in the northern Yellow Sea was related to the alternation of cold and warm advections and the movement of surface cold high pressure. The maintenance of summer sea fog was closely related to the activity of tropical cyclones over mid-to-low latitudes, the transport of water vapor to the northern Yellow Sea, and the stable circulation pattern. There was obvious temperature inversion layer in low-level atmosphere in the spring sea fog case, while the inversion in the low-level atmosphere in the summer sea fog cases was not distinct. There was no great difference in the air-sea temperature difference and wind speed between the spring and summer sea fog cases. In terms of dissipation, the spring sea fog gradually dissipated due to the influence of cold advection and northerly winds ahead of cold high pressure, while the dissipation of the summer sea fog was mainly because the stable subtropical high that controlled the flow field was broken by the northward vortex system. In general, the generation and dissipation of spring sea fog in the northern Yellow Sea are related to the movement of weak warm advection and surface cold high in the northern Yellow Sea. The summer sea fog is related to the position of subtropical high and the activity of low-latitude low-value systems, and the duration of summer sea fog is even longer. The inversion layer is suitable for spring sea fog. These results can provide a reference for better carrying out sea fog forecasting and meteorological forecasting in the northern Yellow Sea. |
| Key words: northern yellow sea; spring and summer sea fog; analysis of sea fog formation and dissipation |
