| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为进一步了解湖南上空大气水汽精细化特征。【方法】利用湖南 2016—2020 年 72 个 GNSS/MET 测站 反演的大气可降水量，分析大气水汽的时空分布和地理分布特征。【结果】湖南 GNSS 反演 PWV 与高空气象观测得到的 PWV 非常接近，可用于湖南省大气水汽特征分析。湖南大气水汽总体呈现由南向北逐渐降低的分布型，受海拔影响较明显，水汽 低值区均出现在海拔较高的山地地区。湖南大气水汽整体地带性分布和垂直分布特征较明显，与测站的海拔高度和纬度呈 负相关，相关系数分别为 - 0 . 5170 和 - 0 . 3063 , 均通过 0 . 01 的显著性水平检验。湖南大气水汽月变化均为“单峰型 ”分布，月 最大值出现在 7—8 月，月最小值出现在 1—2 月；受地形和季风的影响，季节性分布特征呈现为夏季水汽资源充沛，春秋季水 汽较夏季明显减少，冬季水汽资源相对匮乏。【结论】研究成果可为湖南开展强降水监测预警、云水资源开发、人工影响天气 作业等提供重要参考。 |
| 关键词: 大气水汽；GNSS;变化特征；湖南 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2024-01-29修订日期：2024-07-11 |
| 基金项目:湖南省气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2024-FZZX45) |
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| Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Atmospheric Water Vapor in Hunan Based on Ground GNSS Data |
| LUO Yu,LUO Linyan,MA Qin,GAO Wenjuan |
| (Hunan Branch of China Meteorological Administration Training Center;Hunan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation) |
| Abstract: |
| To further understand the detailed characteristics of atmospheric water vapor over Hunan Province , the retrieved precipitable water vapor (PWV) by 72 ground GNSS stations in Hunan from 2016 to 2020 is used to analyze the spatial-temporal and geographical distribution characteristics in this paper. The results indicate that the GNSS/PWV in Hunan is very close to the PWV obtained from the radiosonde , and can be used for the analysis of atmospheric water vapor characteristics in Hunan Province . The atmospheric water vapor in Hunan gradually decreases from south to north overall . With a significant influence of altitude the low-value areas of water vapor are predominantly found in the higher-altitude mountain regions . The atmospheric water vapor in Hunan shows obvious characteristics of zonal and vertical distribution , negatively correlated with the altitudes and latitudes of stations with correlation coefficients being - 0 . 5170 and - 0 . 3063 respectively , both having passed the significance test at a level of 0 . 01 . The monthly variation of atmospheric water vapor follows a pattern of single peak , with the highest values occurring in July and August , and the lowest values in January and February. Influenced by topography and monsoon , the seasonal distribution features show that water vapor resources are abundant in summer , significantly reduced in spring and autumn , and relatively scarce in winter. These results can serve as an important reference for heavy precipitation monitoring and early warning , cloud water resource development , and weather modification operations in Hunan Province . |
| Key words: atmospheric water vapor; GNSS; variation characteristics; Hunan |
