| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为总结对衢州雷暴大风预警有指示作用的本地化雷达预报指标。【方法】本文利用2017—2021年衢州地区地面加密观测资料、闪电定位仪及CINRAD-SA波段雷达资料，选取了29次雷暴大风过程，分类分析了衢州地区不同环流形势下雷暴大风出现前的雷达产品特征。【结果】结果表明：（1）衢州暖季雷暴大风时空分布不均匀。中部盆地区域明显多于山区；3月、5月、7月雷暴大风影响区域范围较大；日变化明显，高频时段为中午至前半夜；（2）根据天气形势配置，衢州地区雷暴大风可分为副高边缘型、暖湿平流强迫型、锋生切变型、干冷平流强迫型等四类；（3）衢州地区产生雷暴大风的雷达回波主要为块状回波、弓形回波、带状回波3类，其中块状回波出现最多；（4）不同对流组织类型的雷达回波，雷暴大风的预警指标不同。依据低层径向速度大值区和中层径向速度辐合可以对弓形回波产生的雷暴大风提前预警；依据低层径向速度大值区、垂直积分液态水含量（VIL）的跃增能对带状回波雷暴大风天气提前预警；仅有36%的块状回波个例中提前出现了低层径向速度大值区，但是VIL的跃增及回波顶高的跃增可以提前预警块状回波雷暴大风的出现。【结论】上述结论可以为今后做好衢州地区雷暴大风的短时预报及临近预警工作提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 衢州地区；雷暴大风；多普勒天气雷达；预警指标 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-27修订日期：2024-07-01 |
| 基金项目:浙江省气象局青年基金资助项目（2019QN42）；福州市科技项目计划（2023-S-032） |
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| Spatial-temporal Distribution of Thunderstorm and Gales in Quzhou in Warm Season and Characteristic Statistics of Radar |
| Jing Sijia,He Yuqing,Xiao Ying,Shi Linlin,Mao Chengyan,Lin Xin |
| (yuncheng meteorological bureau;quzhou meteorological bureau;Quzhou meteorological Office of Zhejiang Province;Fuzhou Meteorological Bureau of Fujian Province) |
| Abstract: |
| Abstract: In order to extract the available information for thunderstorm early-warning, using observed data of surface automatic weather station, lightning location and Quzhou CINRAD-SA radar, radar echo of 29 thunderstorm gale cases from 2017 to 2021 are chosen, classified and statistically analyzed. The main results are as follows:(1) The spatial and temporal distribution of thunderstorm gales are uneven during warm seasons in Quzhou. Annual average thunderstorm windy days in central basin are obviously more than in mountain; Thunderstorm gales occur in March, May, and July have larger influence area. The thunderstorm gales tend to occur between mid-afternoon and early midnight; (2) According to the configuration of the weather situation, thunderstorm gales in Quzhou can be divided into the following four types: the subtropical high periphery type, the warm advection forcing type, the frontogenesis and shear type, and the cold advection forcing type;(3) During the period when the thunderstorm gale occurs, the radar echo can be divided into three categories according to the echo shape: the bow echo, belt-shaped echo and bulk cell echo, among which bulk cell echoes are the most frequent;(4) There are different early-warning indicators of thunderstorm gales for different shape radar echo. For the bow echo, thunderstorm gales can be predicted by high value speed at low elevation and mid-altitude radial convergence; for belt echo, the indicators are high value speed at low elevation and abruptly increasing VIL;for the bulk cell echo, only 36 % of the cases appeared high value speed at low elevation in advance. Thunderstorm gales caused by the bulk cell echo can be predicted in advance by abruptly increasing VIL and abruptly increasing echo tops (ET). These findings can provide references for the short-term forecasting and early-warning of thunderstorm gales in Quzhou. |
| Key words: Quzhou; thunderstorm gales; Doppler weather radar; early-warning indicators |
