| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为深入季节尺度了解川渝地区的气温时空变化特征。【方法】基于1961-— 2020年川渝地区53个气象台站的气温日值观测数据，利用线性趋势法、Pettitt突变检验法、小波分析法等分析了川渝地区气温的时空变化特征。【结果】结果表明：（1）川渝地区气温空间分布主要呈由西北向东南递增的趋势，而气温日较差的分布呈自西北向东南递减的趋势。（2）近60 a 来川渝地区气温呈上升趋势，以年平均日最低气温的0.29 ℃/10 a为最大，其次是年平均日最高气温的0.25 ℃/10 a，再次是年平均气温的0.23 ℃/10 a，但年平均气温日较差以-0.04 ℃/10 a呈略微降低趋势。（3）川渝地区以及三个子区域（川西北高原、川西南山地和四川盆地）气温增幅均为冬季增幅最大，夏季最小。（4）川渝地区年平均气温、年平均日最高气温和年平均日最低气温的突变年份分别为1997年、1997年和1993年，且均存在5 a左右和12~15 a的周期，主、次周期别为14 a和5 a。（5）在三个子区域中，气温升幅最大为川西南山地，四川盆地气温为升幅最小。川西南山地的木里增温最明显，其年平均气温以0.74 ℃/10 a的趋势上升；气温日较差降幅最大为川西南山地的稻城，其以-0.45 ℃/10 a的趋势下降。（6）各子区域以年平均日最低气温出现突变时间为最早；同一气象要素，以川西南山地发生突变为最早。【结论】总体而言，不同子区域的气温变化具有一定的空间差异性，这与地理环境、气候背景、人为因素等密切相关。 |
| 关键词: 川渝地区;气温;变化趋势;突变检验 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2023-04-27修订日期：2024-04-25 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（U2242202），第二次青藏高原综合科学考察项目（2019QZKK010401） |
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| Spatiotemporal characteristics of temperature change in the Sichuan-Chongqing region during 1961-2020 under the background of climate change |
| ZHANG Xiaoqian,FENG XinYuan |
| (School of Atmospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Technology / Plateau Atmosphereand Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan province;1School of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology / Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan province) |
| Abstract: |
| To comprehensively understand the spatiotemporal variations of temperature at the seasonal scale in the Sichuan-Chongqing region, Bbased on the daily observation data of temperature from 53 meteorological stations in Sichuan-Chongqing region during 1961-2020, the spatiotemporal characteristics of temperature change in Sichuan-Chongqing region were analyzed by linear trend method, Pettitt test, wavelet analysis, and other methods. Major conclusions are as follows:The results show that: (1) The spatial distribution of temperature in Sichuan-Chongqing region mainly showed a trend of increasing from northwest to southeast, while the distribution of diurnal temperature range decreased from northwest to southeast. (2) In the past 60 years, the temperature in Sichuan-Chongqing region has shown an increased trend, among which the annual average daily minimum temperature (0.29 °C/10 a) had the largest increase rate, followed by the annual average daily maximum temperature (0.25 °C/10 a) and the annual average temperature (0.23 °C/10 a), while the annual average diurnal temperature range has shown a slightly decreasing rate (-0.04 °C/10 a). (3) Both the Sichuan-Chongqing region and its three sub-regions (northwest Sichuan plateau, southwest Sichuan mountainous region and Sichuan basin) had the largest warming rate in winter and the smallest in summer. (4) The mutational years of daily average temperature, daily maximum temperature and daily minimum temperature in Sichuan-Chongqing region were 1997, 1997 and 1993, respectively. Periodicities of approximately 5 years and 12-15 years were identified, characterized as primary and secondary cycles of 14 years and 5 years. (5) Among the three sub-regions, the most significant temperature increase was observed in the southwest Sichuan mountains, while the Sichuan Basin showed the smallest temperature increment. In the southwest Sichuan mountains, the region of Muli experienced the most notable warming trend with an annual average temperature increase of 0.74 °C/10 a, while the region of Daocheng in the same area exhibited the most significant decrease in diurnal temperature range at -0.45 °C/10 a. (6) The mutation of daily minimum temperature was the earliest in the three sub-regions. For the same meteorological element, southwest Sichuan mountainous region were the first to undergo mutation. In general, the temperature changes in different sub-regions have certain spatial differences, which are closely related to geographical environment, climate background and human factors. |
| Key words: Sichuan-Chongqing region; temperature; changing trends; mutation test |
