| 摘要: |
| 本文利用贵州省85个气象观测站，1960-2020年霜的气象观测资料，采用线性趋势分析、气候倾向率、Mann-Kendall突变分析等方法，对贵州省霜的时空分布特征进行分析。结果表明：1960-2020年贵州省霜发生频次呈下降趋势，以-66次·（10a）-1速率减少，主要出现在每年的11月到次年的3月，12月最多，1月次之；省的西北部是霜的高发区，向东部、南部递减；平均霜期为168天，以-5.17d·（10a）-1速率缩短，平均初霜日呈推迟趋势，平均终霜日呈提前趋势；初霜日最早出现在省的西北部，向东部、南部推进，终霜日从南部向北部推进，最晚出现在西北部；霜期与初霜日呈显著负相关（相关系数为-0.644），而与终霜日呈显著正相关（相关系数为0.647），表明霜期缩短是初霜日推迟和终霜日提前共同作用结果；海拔高度与霜的发生频次、霜期、初霜日和终霜日均有很好的相关性，海拔高度与霜的发生频次和霜期的长短呈正相关，初霜日随海拔高度的增加而提前，终霜日随海拔高度的增加而推迟。 |
| 关键词: 霜；气候特征；贵州省；突变检验 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2022-06-10修订日期：2023-02-28 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Analyses on the Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Frost in Guizhou Province in 1960-2020 |
| Li Yanlin |
| (Guizhou Meteorological Observatory) |
| Abstract: |
| Based on the frost meteorological data of 85 meteorological observation stations in Guizhou Province from 1960 to 2020, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of frost in Guizhou Province were analyzed with linear trend analysis, climatic tendency rate, Mann-Kendall mutation and other methods .The results show that the occurrence trend of frost in Guizhou province were decreasing ?in 1960-2020, with a rate of -66 times·（10a）-1, which mainly occurred from November to March of the next year, with the most in December and the second in January. In the northwest part of the province, the frost occurred more frequently than other areas , while decreasing to the east and south..?In Guizhou Province,the average frost duration was 168 days, which was shortened at the rate of -5.17 d·（10a）-1, while the average first frost date was delayed and the average last frost date was advanced .?The first frost day appeared in the northwest of the province, advanced to the east and south, and the last frost day advanced from the south to the north, and ended in the northwest .?There was a significant negative correlation between frost duration and first frost date (correlation coefficient -0.644), and a significant positive correlation between frost duration and last frost date (correlation coefficient 0.647), indicated that the shortening of frost duration was the result of the effect of delayed first frost date and advanced last frost date.There is a well correlation between altitude and Frost frequency, frost duration, first frost date and last frost date.? Altitude was positively correlated with frost frequency and frost duration, also, the first frost date advanced with the increase of altitude, while the last frost date delayed with the increase of altitude. |
| Key words: forst; climate characteristics; Guizhou Province; mutation test method |
