| 摘要: |
| 为深入研究播州区辣椒移栽期气象条件，利用播州国家气象观测站1981-2021年气温、雨量等数据和20个常规气象观测站2011-2021年雨量、气温数据，采用统计方法分析4-5月辣椒移栽期气候特征。结果表明：5月干旱频率和强度均比4月重，1981-2021年，4-5月年干旱日数在30天以上的有7年，均包含-3等级及以上的干旱；透雨年平均日数在4-6日之间，中东部多于西部；透雨、大雨、暴雨出现日数5月多于4月，大雨出现概率较少，暴雨在4月上旬和中旬没有出现过；4月份最低气温低于10℃为6.54天，最低气温在10℃-15℃为15.75天，对辣椒移栽及成活影响较大；5月份，最低气温低于10℃仅0.62天，最低气温低于15℃为12.92天，对辣椒移栽影响较小。综合各要素看，4月下旬到5月上旬干旱频次较低、透雨次数较多、气温总体回暖，移栽后受低温冻害可能性降低，较适宜辣椒移栽。 |
| 关键词: 辣椒、移栽期、干旱、透雨 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2022-01-05修订日期：2022-04-18 |
| 基金项目:遵义市气象局科研业务登记项目（zyqxky【2020】11号）：辣椒气象服务关键技术研究 |
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| Analysis of meteorological conditions during pepper transplanting in Bozhou District, Zunyi City |
| guoxiaochao,xiaolei |
| (Zunyi Bozhou District Meteorological Bureau;Zunyi Meteorological Bureau) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to study the meteorological conditions of pepper transplanting period in Bozhou region, the meteorological conditions of pepper transplanting period from April to May were analyzed by using the temperature and rainfall data of Bozhou National Meteorological Station from 1981 to 2021 and the rainfall and temperature data of 20 conventional meteorological stations from 2011 to 2021. The results showed that both the frequency and severity of drought in May were heavier than that in April. From 1981 to 2021, there were 7 years with drought days of more than 30 days in April-May, and the droughts with grade -3 or above were also included. The average number of rainy days is 4-6 days, and the number of rainy days in central and eastern China is more than that in western China. The number of days of rainfall, heavy rain and heavy rain in May was more than that in April, and the probability of heavy rain was less, and the heavy rain did not appear in early and middle April. In April, the lowest temperature below 10℃ was 6.54 days, and the lowest temperature between 10℃ and 15℃ was 15.75 days, which had a great influence on pepper transplanting and survival. In May, there were only 0.62 days when the minimum temperature was below 10℃, and 12.92 days when the minimum temperature was below 15℃, which had little effect on pepper transplanting. The results showed that from late April to early May, the frequency of drought was lower, the number of infiltration was more, the temperature was warmer, and the possibility of low temperature and freezing injury was lower, which was more suitable for pepper transplanting. |
| Key words: Pepper, transplanting period, drought, rain |
