| 摘要: |
| 利用2011-2020年石阡国家气象站和乡镇（街道）自动气象站降雨资料，运用统计分析方法对石阡县近10a年暴雨天气特征进行分析，并结合暴雨灾情信息研究了“三个叫应”阈值。结果表明：石阡县年均暴雨日数11.4d，年均暴雨站次51.5站，主要集中在5-9月，月暴雨日数峰值出现在5月，月暴雨站次峰值出现在6月，05-07时易出现短时强降水；暴雨及伴随短时强降水日数均存在时空分布不均的特点，东部明显大于西部，最大日降水量和雨强大体一致，主要在县城、枫香、花桥一带和白沙；辖区内台站1h雨量达35mm、3h雨量达70mm或6h雨量达90mm及以上，且降雨可能持续时，可能发生灾害，应及时做好气象服务工作。 |
| 关键词: 暴雨;致灾阈值;气象服务 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2021-03-16修订日期：2021-06-23 |
| 基金项目:贵州省气象局科研业务项目(黔气科登[2019]10-07号):石阡县暴雨致灾阈值研究。 |
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| Study on Rainstorm Weather Characteristics and "Three Calls For Response" Thresholds in Shiqian County in Recent 10 Years |
| AN Chengde,LANG Guiying,DU Xiaoling,LAN Shimin |
| (Shiqian County Meteorological Bureau;China;;Sinan County Meteorological Bureau;China;;Guizhou Provincial Meteorological Observatory;China) |
| Abstract: |
| Based on the 2011-2020 Shiqian national weather station and the villages and towns automatic weather stations rainfall data,the characteristics of the rainstorm weather in Shiqian in nearly last 10 years are analyzed,and "three response thresholds" are studied by combining the rainstorm disaster information.The results show that the average annual number of rainstorm days in Shiqian County was 11.4 days, and the average annual number of rainstorm stations was 51.5, mainly from May to September. The monthly rainstorm days peak appeared in May, and the monthly rainstorm stations peak appeared in June. Short-time heavy rainfall was easy to occur from 5 to 7 o’clock. The number of days with heavy rain and short-time heavy rain is unevenly distributed in time and space. The eastern part is significantly more frequent than the western part, and the maximum daily precipitation and rain intensity are roughly the same, mainly in County seat, Fengxiang, Huaqiao and Baisha. When the rainfall in county areas reaches 35mm in one hour or 70mm in three hours or 90mm in six hours,and the rainfall still continue,that will probably become a rainstorm disaster,the weather warning and forecast service should come in time,and it could provide some reference for the future meteorological services in Shiqian county. |
| Key words: rainstorm;disaster threshold;forecast service |
