| 摘要: |
| 该文主要对1978-2019年铜仁市雨凇的基本气候特征，主要对1978-2019年铜仁市冬季凝冻特征进行分析，划分出铜仁市强弱凝冻年，并建立近40a铜仁市冬季凝冻事件个例库，简要分析异常凝冻年的特征和成因。研究结果表明：1.近40a铜仁市雨凇日共出现1483d，万山站出现1088d（占铜仁市73.4%），除万山外雨凇均出现在12月、1月、2月；2.近40a铜仁市冬季共出现164次凝冻天气过程，冬季多出现4~5d的中级凝冻过程（占凝冻过程总数的47%）；3.近40a铜仁市共有7a为异常凝冻年，异常凝冻年出现凝冻天气过程是凝冻过程总数的1/4，2008年是持续时间最长影响范围最大的特重级异常凝冻年；4.铜仁市冬季凝冻在空间上由西北向东南方向逐渐增加，时间上有不明显的递减趋势；5. 赤道太平洋Nino3.4区海温异常偏低，欧亚大陆500hPa高度场中高纬出现北高南低的异常环流，是铜仁市发生异常凝冻年的主要成因。 |
| 关键词: 凝冻；时空特征；海温；500hPa高度场 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2021-02-08修订日期：2021-07-26 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金地区项目（41865005）：贵州凝冻灾害事件特征和成因及其预报预测研究；贵州省气象局科研业务登记项目（黔气科登[2020]03-20号）：铜仁市凝冻灾害事件气候特征研究。 |
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| Characteristics of Freezing Climate and Cause Analysis of Abnormal Years in Tongren City in Recent 40 Years |
| Zhang Dandan,Yan Xiaodong,Zhang Lijuan,Li Rong,Xu Wenya |
| (Bijiang Meteorological Bureau of Tongren;Guizhou Meteorological Bureau;Meteorological Bureau of Dejiang) |
| Abstract: |
| This paper studies the basic climate characteristics of glaze in Tongren from 1978 to 2020, mainly analyzes the characteristics of winter freezing in Tongren from 1978 to 2019, divides the strong and weak freezing years in Tongren, establishes the case database of winter freezing events in Tongren in recent 40 years, and briefly analyzes the characteristics and causes of abnormal freezing years. The results show that：1.In recent 40 years, there are 1483 glazed days in Tongren, 1088 days in Wanshan (73.4% of Tongren)，and glazed days appear in December、January and February，except Wanshan. 2. In recent 40 years, there are 164 freezing weather processes in winter , and the intermediate freezing process of 4-5 days occurred in winter (accounting for 47% of the total freezing process).3. In recent 40 years in Tongren, there are 7 years of abnormal freezing year, the freezing weather process of abnormal freezing year is 1 / 4 of the total freezing process, and 2008 is the most severe abnormal freezing year with the longest duration and the largest influence range. 4. The winter freezing in Tongren gradually increases from northwest to southeast in space, but has an insignificant decreasing trend in time.5. The abnormal low SST in Nino3.4 region of the equatorial Pacific and the abnormal circulation of north high and south low in the high latitude of Eurasia 500 hPa height field are the main causes of the abnormal freezing year in Tongren. |
| Key words: Freezing; spatial-temporal features; sea surface temperature; 500hPa height field |
