| 摘要: |
| 为进一步分析研究黔东南地区短时强降水的时空分布特征，更好地指导短时强降水预报预警业务工作，利用2015—2021年黔东南地区16个国家自动气象站和410个区域自动气象站逐小时降水资料，对≥20 mm·h-1短时强降水的时空变化特征进行统计分析。结果表明：（1）黔东南短时强降水频次有逐年增加趋势，[20,40) mm·h-1量级的短时强降水年际变化相对较小，其余量级年际变化较大。（2）短时强降水主要出现在主汛期4—9月，6月最多，5月次之；年际变化相对较小的是5月、6月、7月和8月，各月短时强降水量级均以[20,40) mm·h-1量级最多，主要出现在5—8月，以6月出现频次最高。（3）短时强降水主要以[20,80) mm·h-1量级为主，且日变化频次均呈双峰形势，以傍晚至凌晨时段出现最多，中午前后出现的频次次之，具有夜间发生的显著特征。（4）短时强降水空间分布呈南多北少特征，短时强降水高发区与雷公山、月亮山迎风坡、喇叭口等特殊地形的强迫抬升作用密切相关。 |
| 关键词: 黔东南地区；短时强降水；频次；时空分布 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2023-04-14 |
| 基金项目:贵州省气象局科研业务登记项目（黔气科登〔2022〕06-04号）：黔东南州短时强降水时空特征分析；黔东南州科技计划项目（黔东南科合基础〔2022〕09号）：基于区域自动站的黔东南“两山”地区致灾暴雨研究 |
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| Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of Short Time Heavy precipitation in Southeast Guizhou |
| PAN Hongxu,DONG Wentao,LIU Xunxun,WANG Hongqin,YANG Binlu,BAI Hui |
| (Danzhai Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province, Danzhai 557500 , China;Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province, Kaili 556000 , China;Zhenyuan Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province, Zhenyuan 557700 , China;Majiang Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province, Majiang 557600 , China) |
| Abstract: |
| To further analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of short-time heavy precipitation in the Southeast Guizhou, and provide better guidance for short-time heavy precipitation forecast and early warning work, hourly precipitation data from 16 national meteorological stations and 410 regional meteorological stations in Southeast Guizhou during 2015 to 2021 are used to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of ≥20 mm·h-1 short-time heavy precipitation. The results show that：(1) the frequency of short-time heavy precipitation in Southeast Guizhou shows an increasing trend year by year, the inter-annual variability of [20,40) mm·h-1 short-time heavy precipitation is relatively small, other precipitation magnitudes have significant inter-annual variability. (2) Short-time heavy precipitation mainly occurs during the main flood season from April to September, the most in June, followed by May； the relatively small inter-annual variability occur in May, June, July, and August. The short-time heavy precipitation magnitude of [20,40) mm·h-1 occurs the most frequently in each month, mainly occurring from May to August, the most in June. (3) Short-time heavy precipitation mainly occurs in the order of [20,80) mm·h-1, and the daily variation of the frequency of short-time heavy precipitation shows a bimodal pattern, mainly appearing in the evening to next early morning, followed by noon, with significant characteristics of occurring at night. (4) The spatial distribution of short-time heavy precipitation is characterized by more in the south and less in the north. The high incidence area of short-time heavy precipitation has an important relationship with the forced uplift of landform such as Leigong Mountain, Moon Mountain windward slope, bell mouth. |
| Key words: Southeast Guizhou； short-time heavy precipitation； frequency； spatiotemporal distribution |
