| 摘要: |
| 利用风云2号卫星TBB资料、多普勒天气雷达和常规观测资料，分析了近10a影响中国天眼FAST的7次冰雹个例的降雹持续时间、冰雹直径、移动速度等特征，揭示了其源地和移动路径，并初步建立基于卫星和雷达的FAST冰雹识别指标。结果表明：影响FAST冰雹主要发生在春季的傍晚到夜间，冰雹云从初生到降雹平均时间为112 min，平均移动速度为45.5 km/h，降雹持续时间主要为2 min左右，冰雹直径以小于等于10 mm的小冰雹和中冰雹为主；冰雹云源地主要在安顺市，移动路径为西北和偏西路径为主。在降雹前1 h，FAST区域TBB呈西南—东北走向分布，云团中心TBB＜46 ℃，TBB梯度密集的对流区会产生降雹；降雹前30 min识别指标为Zmax≥55 dBz，VILmax≥30 kg/m2，H45 dBz≥8 km，H45dBz- H0℃＞4 km，H45dBz- H-20℃＞1 km。 |
| 关键词: FAST；冰雹云；TBB；雷达特征参数；识别指标 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2021-02-22 |
| 基金项目:贵州省气象局重要业务科研项目(黔气标合ZY[2020]04号)：FAST关键区域人工防雹作业指标研究 |
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| Characteristics analysis and identification index of FAST hail cloud based on satellite and radar data: A preliminary study |
| LUO Xiong,LUO Xiping,LI Meiman,ZENG Yong,LI Hao |
| (Guizhou Weather Modification Office of Province, Guiyang, 550081 , China) |
| Abstract: |
| Using the temperature of black body (TBB) data of Fengyun-2 satellite, Doppler weather radar and conventional observation data, the characteristics of the hail duration, hail diameter, and movement speed of the 7 hail cases which have affected Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST) in recentt 10 years are analyzed, revealing its origin and moving path, and preliminary establishment of FAST hail identification indicators based on satellite and radar. The results show that hail affecting FAST mainly occurs in the spring evening to night. The average time for a hail cloud from birth to hail fall is 112 minutes, the average moving speed of hail cloud is 45.5 km/h, the duration of hail shooting is about 2 minutes, the hail diameter less than or equal to 10 mm, the hail cloud source is mainly in Anshun, and the moving path of hail cloud includes the northwest and the west. One hour before the hail shooting, the TBB in the FAST area is distributed in the southwest-northeast direction, the center of hail cloud TBB is less than -46℃, and the convective area with dense TBB gradient will hail; the identification index 30 minutes before the hail shooting is Zmax≥55 dBz, VILmax≥30 kg/m2, H45dBz≥8 km, H45dBz- H0 ℃＞4 km, H45dBz- H-20 ℃＞1 km. |
| Key words: FAST； hail cloud ； TBB； radar characteristic parameters； identification index |
