| 摘要: |
| 利用地面、高空常规观测资料、NCEP1°×1°再分析资料以及CB型多普勒雷达资料，从天气实况、环流形势、物理量场和雷达回波等方面对2016年影响怀化的2次低温雨雪天气过程进行对比分析。结果表明：“1.22”过程500 hPa中高纬呈西高东低形势，“3.9”过程呈两槽一脊形势。2次过程影响系统均包含有高空槽、低空急流、切变线和地面冷锋。“1.22”过程冷空气强度强于“3.9”过程，降雪更明显、气温更低，“3.9”过程水汽条件更好，降雨更强。700 hPa温度和地面2 m气温对怀化预报降水相态有重要指示意义。物理量方面，2次过程中南部降水量强于北部，“3.9”过程降雨量更大，表明中层水汽输送、水汽辐合以及涡度场对雨雪过程发生发展、强度和落区具有指示意义。雷达回波方面，2次过程降雪阶段主要以层状云降水回波为主。深厚的强冷空气对“1.22”过程中的降雪和低温、强暖湿气流对“3.9”过程的较强降水起着重要作用。同时，地形对降雪相态以及降水强度有一定的影响。 |
| 关键词: 低温雨雪；环流形势；雷达回波 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2020-04-24 |
| 基金项目:湖南省预报员专项（XQKJ17C004):2016年影响怀化3次低温雨雪天气过程对比分析 |
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| Comparative Analysis of Two Low Temperature Rain and Snow Weather Processes in Huaihua, 2016 |
| ZHANG Kun,XIAO Yun,WANG Qihuan |
| (Huaihua Meteorological Bureau of Hunan Province, Huaihua 418000 , China) |
| Abstract: |
| Based on conventional observation data, NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data and CB type Doppler radar data, two weather processes of low temperature rain and snow were analyzed comparatively in terms of observation data, atmospheric circulation, physical quantities and radar echo. The results are as follows: “1.22” weather process shows a westly high and eastly low circulation in high latitude on 500hPa, “3.9” weather process has one ridge and two troughs. Both processes contain upper layer trough, low level jet-stream, wind shear and surface cold front. “1.22” weather process has colder air mass than “3.9” weather process, which brings more snowfall and lower temperature, and the “3.9” weather process has better water vapor condition and heavier rainfall. The 700hPa temperature and 2 meters surface temperature indicate significant meaning to the precipitation phase in Huaihua. In aspect of physical quantities, the precipitation in the middle south area is heavier than the north of both weather processes. “3.9” weather process has more rainfall, which means middle layer vapor transportation, vapor convergence and vorticity show indications to the weather process development, intensity, and areas. In the matter of radar echo, both processes have the characteristics of stratiform cloud echo. Thick and severe cold air has a great impact on the snowfall and low temperature of “1.22” weather process, and strong warm and wet airflow play an import role in “3.9” weather process. At the same time, the terrain has a certain influence on the snowfall phase and precipitation intensity. |
| Key words: low temperature rain and snow；atmospheric circulation；radar echo |
