| 摘要: |
| 该文利用贵阳市气象站1981—2017年逐日气温资料，对日最低气温、平均气温进行统计分析，结果表明：贵阳市强降温过程主要集中在春季、冬季和秋季，以3月最多，5—9月无强降温过程；出现最多年份为1987年。以最高气温作为指标进行强降温频次及强度计算，对未达寒潮标准的强降温过程进行了48 h及72 h降温幅度统计，对24 h强降温过程进行逐小时降温幅度统计。归纳出3点建议：①在气象服务及预报业务考核工作中可考虑将最高气温作为计算指标；②在气象服务及预报考核中视情况将Ⅳ级(强)强降温的识别时间参照寒潮标准增加48 h、72 h的识别标准；③在气象服务工作中可将逐小时降温幅度作为强降温天气过程服务的主要参考因素。 |
| 关键词: 贵阳市；降温过程；频次；强度；逐小时降温幅度 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2020-05-07 |
| 基金项目:中国气象局基础建设项目：山洪地质灾害防治气象保障工程2021年建设项目 |
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| Analysis and Identification of Strong Cooling Process in Guiyang, Guizhou Province |
| WAN Chao,TANG Lei,XU Ke,QI Dapeng,HE Dongpo,ZHOU Wenyu |
| (Guizhou Meteorological Observatory, Guiyang 550002 , China) |
| Abstract: |
| The daily temperature data of a Guiyang meteorological station for the 1981—2017 period was used to carry out the statistical analysis of daily minimum temperature and daily average temperature, and the results show that strong cooling process in Guiyang mainly happened in Spring, Winter and Autumn. March had the most occurrences of strong cooling events while there weren’t any strong cooling processes from May to September. The maximum occurrence times of the strong cooling process appeared in 1987. The maximum temperature was used as the index to calculate the frequency and intensity of the strong cooling process. Statistical analysis was performed on the cooling rate of 48 hr and 72 hr ranges for the data set which did not reach the threshold of a cold wave during the strong cooling process. The hourly cooling rate of 24 hr strong cooling process was statistically analyzed. Three suggestions are summarized below:①According to circumstances, the maximum temperature should be considered to be the index of calculation in the assessment of meteorological service and forecast work; ②We can take Class Ⅴ (Cold Wave) strong cooling process as reference to add the identification criteria of the 48 hr and 72 hr strong cooling process to the time ranges of Class IV (Strong) strong cooling process, it all depends，in the assessment of meteorological service and forecast. ③The hourly cooling rate can be used as the key reference factor for the service of the strong cooling process in meteorological service. |
| Key words: Guiyang；cooling process；frequency；intensity；hourly cooling rate |
