| 摘要: |
| 本文利用2012-2015年区域自动站小时降雨资料对安顺市短时暴雨时空分布特征、天气学概念模型、物理量指数特征等进行分析,结果表明：(1)安顺市有5个短时暴雨大值区,其中有4个位于安顺市海拔高度梯度较大的区域；(2)安顺市的短时暴雨全天均可发生,主要集中发生在5-6月,且有典型的夜雨特征；(3)短时暴雨发生期间,水汽主要在对流层中层和边界层辐合而在对流层低层辐散,使得水汽能够长时间的积累；(4)短时暴雨发生期间大气长时间处于对流不稳定状态,为短时暴雨的发生提供了有利的能量和动力条件； |
| 关键词: 短时暴雨;时空分布;夜雨;对流不稳定 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2018-09-03修订日期：2018-12-13 |
| 基金项目:安顺市气象局气象科研项目(2015-07-05号)基于区域自动站观测资料对安顺市短时暴雨的预报预警研究 |
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| Analysis on space-time distribution and cause of short time rainstorm on 2012-2016 in Anshun MENG Jun,XU Liang Jun,PENG Bo,LI Qi Fen,ZHOU Wen Yu,XIAO Jun |
| mengjun,xuliangjun,pengbo,liqifeng,zhouwenyu,xiaojun |
| (Anshun Meteorological Bureau, Guizhou) |
| Abstract: |
| This article utilizes hourly rainfall data from regional stations for 2012-2015,to study the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of short-term heavy rain, the conceptual model of synoptic weather, and the characteristics of physical quantity indices in Anshun, combined with frequency, Time and Spatial distribution of Short-term Heavy Rainfall terrain of Anshun. (1)It is concluded that there are 5 short-term heavy rainfall areas in Anshun, and there are 4 large-area elevation gradients in the 5 large-value areas. (2)Heavy rain in Anshun can happen all day,and the short-term heavy rain in Anshun is most likely to occur in May to June,the characteristics of night rain are significant. (3)Analysis of typical physical characteristics of short-term heavy rainfall cases in Anshun, studies have shown that water vapor mainly converges at the upper and lower levels but divergence at the middle level during the short-term heavy rain, to allow water vapor to accumulate over long periods of time in Anshun. (4)The atmosphere is in an unstable state for a long time and the unstable energy of the atmosphere is larger during short-term rainstorm, provides enough energy for the occurrence of short-term heavy rainfall.(5) Dividing the synoptic models of short-term heavy rain in Anshun into 3 categories through a comprehensive analysis of typical cases, include low trough type, subtropical high pressure type and typhoon-low trough type. |
| Key words: Short-term heavy rainfall;Spatial and temporal distribution;Night rain;Convective instability |
