To explore the impact of extreme climate on agricultural carbon emissions and provide a theoretical basis for agricultural production to cope with climate change, this paper analyzes the spatio_temporal evolution of extreme temperature and precipitation indices in Hebei Province from 1993 to 2022 and their responses to agricultural carbon emissions. By using the daily precipitation, maximum temperature, minimum temperature and relevant agricultural statistical data collected by 142 meteorological stations in Hebei Province in 1993 - 2022., we calculate the extreme climate index, agricultural carbon emissions and carbon emission intensity in Hebei Province and analyze their characteristics. The results show that during the study period, TN10P, TX10P and CWD showed a downward trend, while TN90P, TX90P, R95p, SDII and R10 were all in an upward trend. The linear trend of TN10P was a gradual declining trend from north to south in Hebei Province, and the spatial distribution of TN90P was the opposite to that of TN10P. For TX10P, it presented an upward trend in Chengde and the west of Zhangjiakou, but in other regions it was basically downward. The change amplitude of R95p was large and its high_value area was distributed in Cangzhou City. The spatial distribution trend of SDII was similar to that of R95p, but the change range was small. The change range of CWD was the smallest with high_value areas mainly in Xingtai, Shijiazhuang and Hengshui. The high_value center of R10 was in Shijiazhuang city with an increasing trend overall. During the study period in Province, agricultural carbon emissions ere increasing first and then decreasing, mainly contributed by agricultural land use and livestock breeding. The carbon emissions caused by chemical fertilizer accounted for the largest proportion in agricultural land use, the carbon emissions caused by cattle accounted for the largest proportion in intestinal fermentation, and the carbon emissions caused by pigs accounted for the largest proportion in manure management. R95p, SDII and R10 significantly inhibited agricultural carbon emissions, but TX10P played a function of significantly promoting agricultural carbon emissions. TN90P had a significant inhibitory effect on agricultural carbon emission intensity, while TN10P and TX10P had significant promoting effects on it. These findings could provide some scientific references for accelerating the achievement of the " dual carbon emission " goals and enhance the adaptation of agriculture to climate change in Hebei Province.