2023年7月华北致灾极端暴雨的成因分析
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1.宇航动力学国家重点实验室;2.成都信息工程大学

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国家自然科学基金气象联合基金重点项目(U2242202)


Analysis of Causes for the Disastrous Extreme Rainstorm in North China in July 2023
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1.State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics;2.Chengdu University of Information Technology

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    摘要:

    【 目的】研究华北极端暴雨的成因。【方法】利用地面自动站资料、天气雷达产品以及 ECMWF 再分析资料等,对 2023 年 7 月 29 日—8 月 1 日华北极端暴雨进行研究。【结果】此次极端暴雨过程降水量大、持续时间长、地形作用显著;异常副高与中西伯利亚高压叠加形成高压坝,使得低涡环流在华北地区长时间徘徊;高、低空急流耦合作用形成抽吸效应,提供了动力抬升条件;双台风与副高之间的东南低空急流向华北地区输送了丰沛水汽和不稳定能量;低层东南气流在太行山东麓以及燕山南麓沿山坡强迫抬升,在山前形成异常水汽辐合中心并稳定维持。【结论】双台风、异常动力条件以及特殊地形等诸多因素导致华北极端暴雨出现,研究结论可为汛期华北暴雨分析预报提供参考。

    Abstract:

    Abstract : Using the data from surface automatic weather stations , weather radar products , and ECMWF reanalysis data , etc . , we conducted the research on the extreme rainstorm in North China from July 29 to August 1 , 2023 . This extreme rainstorm process featured large precipitation amount , long duration and significant topographic effect. The abnormal subtropical high pressure was overlapped with the Central Siberian high-pressure , forming a high-pressure dam and causing the typhoon low vortex circulation to have been lingering in North China for a long time . The coupling effect of the upper-and lower-level jet streams formed a suction effect , providing dynamic lifting conditions . The southeastern low-level jet between the double typhoons and the subtropical high brought abundant water vapor and unstable energy into North China. The low-level southeasterly airflow was forced to rise along the slopes at the eastern foot of the Taihang Mountains and the southern foot of the Yanshan Mountains , where an abnormal water vapor convergence center was formed in front of the mountains , maintaining stable . In a word , the combined influence of multiple factors such as the double typhoons , abnormal dynamic conditions , and the special terrain led to the occurrence of the extreme rainstorm in North China. The research conclusions can provide a reference for the analysis and forcast of heavy rainstorms in North China in the near future .

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王红军,王子晨,余世旺,等.2023年7月华北致灾极端暴雨的成因分析[J].山地气象学报,2025,49(5):26-36.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-10
  • 最后修改日期:2025-03-18
  • 录用日期:2025-03-27
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-12-03
  • 出版日期: 2025-10-30
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