To study the environmental conditions and mesoscale characteristics of the formation and development of local extreme strong winds in Guangxi, by using multi-source observation data such as radar data, FY4 satellite data, FNL reanalysis data, and surface automatic weather station data, this paper analyzes the characteristics of thunderstorms and strong winds during the extreme wind process in Liucheng on April 18, 2023, as well as the evolution characteristics of radar and cloud images before and after the convective storm moved into Liucheng. Research results show that:1) The severe convection process occurred in the background of the eastward movement of the high altitude trough leading to the southward shear of the low vortex, and in the environment of strong unstable stratification and strong deep wind vertical shear. The initial convection was triggered by the lifting of the surface low-pressure trough. 2) The convergence and uplift of the mesoscale low vortex near Liucheng led to the abnormal strong upward movement of the entire layer and the involvement of dry air in the middle layer, which were the main reasons for the occurrence of extreme strong winds. 3) The extreme strong wind this time was formed by the inflow from the rear side of the middle layer and the warm-humid airflow from the front side, which evolved into a downburst mainly composed of strong sinking airflow from the rear side during its upper and lower development process. The storm cells were strengthened by the entrainment of a large amount of high momentum dry and cold air during multiple ascending and descending processes, enhancing convection. 4) The temperature at the cloud top dropped sharply and the height rose sharply, which were about 10 min earlier than the occurrence of extreme strong winds on the surface. This can serve as a reference for early warning services. 5) There was a significant difference in the characteristics of thunderstorm strong wind echoes and hail echoes, and their echoes had no obvious tilted and suspended structure in the vertical direction. The centroid height of storm echoes that caused extreme strong winds changed quickly in a short period of time, and their rising height was high. These variation characteristics can be used as a reference for issuing strong wind warnings.