Based on the analysis of hourly precipitation observation data of Changbei Airport from 2011 to 2018, it is found that the main characteristics of heavy precipitation in the airport area are as follows: ① the heavy precipitation in Changbei Airport often occurs from April to August, most in June, mostly in the evening to midnight; ②visibility and runway visual range (RVR) are often affected by the heavy precipitation, but lower than the takeoff and landing standards The main influencing factors of heavy rainfall are low vortex shear, front, high trough and subtropical high edge;④the changing characteristics of meteorological elements in high centroid precipitation are more obvious, which have greater impact on flight.