Analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of tropospheric NO2 column concentration in Guizhou Province from 2005 to 2017. Then we analyzed the influencing factors. The results show that: (1)In the year 2005~2017, the annual NO2 column concentration in Guizhou Province was small, indicating that the overall air quality in Guizhou Province is better. The overall annual variation shows the trend of increase first and then decrease. Seasonal changes are expressed as: highest in winter and lowest in summer. The monthly variation shows an inner concave distribution, the maximum value of most of the year occurs in January, and the lowest number of times occurs in July. (2) The spatial distribution is characterized by high in the west and north , low in the east and south. (3) Among the nine cities, Liupanshui had the highest concentration of NO2 column, Guiyang is the second, while the Southestern of Guizhou had the lowest. In addition, the annual change of Yunnan is the most gradual, while Chongqing has the largest change. (4) The analysis found that precipitation and temperature have a certain impact on the concentration of NO2 column.