Based on the hourly precipitation data and high-altitude detection data of 9 meteorological stations in Anqing City from 2005 to 2014, we analysis the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of short-term heavy precipitation in Anqing City, and established a meteorological model of short-term heavy precipitation. The conclusion is as follows:The spatial distribution of short-term heavy precipitation weather is obvious, with the most urban areas, followed by mountains and plains.There is no obvious linear change in the annual total station time of the short-term heavy precipitation process, but there is a big difference.The station appeared most frequently in July, followed by June and August; the daily distribution showed obvious unimodal characteristics, which was a prone period from noon to evening. The intensity of short-term heavy precipitation in Anqing City is mainly 20-30 mm/hour, and the times more than 50 mm / hour is few ,however, the overall number of occurrences has increased and the intensity has increased.The short-term heavy precipitation weather model can be divided into cold front type, short wave trough type, typhoon low voltage type and sub high control type , among which short wave trough type accounts for the most. The triggering mechanism of each type of short-term heavy precipitation varies, such as low-level shear lines, cold air or ground convergence lines. Most of them have high-altitude jets or ultra-low-level jets, which have provided sufficient water vapor and strong rise movement; the local wet layer is deep and the atmosphere is unstable.