Using the AHP and Delphi method, the risk evaluation index system of high-speed railway in Guizhou is established.To determine the effects of main meteorological disasters along the high-speed railway in Guizhou is rainstorms, followed by thunderstorms, gale, freezing, snow, etc.Using the data of 23 meteorological stations along the high-speed railway in Guizhou from 1961 to 2015, analysis of the climatic characteristics of the main meteorological disasters, It shows that the number of rainstorm days is on the rise, the average annual rainstorm days is 2 ~ 4.9d, and the west section of Shanghai-Kunming high-speed railway is the rainstorm center. The number of thunderstorms declined, and the annual average thunderstorm days is 43.6~71.1d, and the west section of Shanghai-Kunming high-speed railway is a frequent thunderstorm area. The number of gale days shows a significant decline. The frequency of gale is the highest in the west section of Shanghai-Kunming high-speed railway, the average annual gale days is more than 20d, and the other sections is less than 5d. The frozen days showed a decreasing trend,Although the Shanghai-Kunming and Guiguang-Guangzhou high-speed railway in Guizhou are not heavy frozen zone, from Puan to Qinglong and Majiang section of Shanghai-Kunming high-speed railway, the average annual freezing days is 10 ~ 15d. The annual average day of snow is generally fluctuating,and its linear growth rate has little change, the average annual freezing days in Majiang and Sansui toTongren is 5 ~7d, and the other sections is less than 5d. Determining the key service period of major meteorological disasters along the high speed rail,and using the means of monthly meteorological disaster data to analyze the key service period and key section of the impact of meteorological disasters, It is of great significance to the meteorological service of the high-speed railway.